01 - Heat a large, dry skillet over medium-high heat. Add the rinsed barley and toast, stirring frequently, until grains are fragrant and deeply golden with charred spots, about 5 to 8 minutes. Transfer to a bowl and set aside.
02 - Reduce heat to medium in the same skillet, add olive oil, and sauté the onion until translucent, approximately 3 to 4 minutes. Stir in garlic and cook for an additional 1 minute.
03 - Add toasted barley, smoked paprika, salt, and black pepper to the skillet. Stir to combine evenly.
04 - Pour in vegetable broth or water. Bring mixture to a boil, then reduce heat to low. Cover and simmer for 30 to 35 minutes, or until barley is tender and liquid is fully absorbed. Stir occasionally to prevent sticking.
05 - Remove from heat and let stand, covered, for 5 minutes. Fluff barley gently with a fork before serving.
06 - Adjust seasoning as needed. Serve warm, garnished with chopped parsley and a squeeze of lemon, if desired.